maldive7

THE MALDIVE ISLANDS

The Uthimu Dynasty

GENEALOGY

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Kalege Kalu Hassan, of Bararu, Tiladummati Atoll. He had issue, two sons:

1) Kalege Kalu 'Ali Thakurufa'anu, Khatib of Uthimu Island, Tiladummati Atoll. He had issue:
- a) Kalege Husain Thakuru'fa'anu, Khatib of Uthimu. m. (first) … m. (second) Amina Dio. He had issue three sons:
  - i) Kalege 'Ali Thakurufa'anu (s/o the first wife). Khatib of Marandu. He was beheaded by the Portuguese at Minicoy in 1573, having had issue:
    - (1) Amira Maryam Kamba'adi Kilege. She had issue, a daughter:
      - (a) Amira Amina Ma'ava Kilege. m. Al-Amir 'Umar Ma'afai Kilege. She had issue:
        
        (i) Kalu Thukkala, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad 'Imad ud-din I [Bodu Rasgefa'anu], Sultan of the Maldives - see below.
  - ii) Kalege Muhammed Bodu Thakurufa'anu Khatib, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Ghazi Muhammed Thakurufa'anu al-'Azam, Sultan of the Maldives (s/o Amina Dio) - see below.
  - iii) Al-Amir Hassan Thakurufa'anu Khatib (s/o the second wife), educ. privately. Joined his brother in the famous battle against the Portuguese to free the country form their rule, and earned his place as a hero of for eternity. Appointed as Rannabanderi Kilegefa'anu, by his half-brother, 1^st July 1573 o.s. m. at Malé, 1573, H.H. Sitti Maryam Ma'ava'a Kuda Kamanafa'anu Rani Kilege, daughter of Sultan 'Ali VI, Sultan of the Maldives, by his wife, Princess Aisha Kabafa'anu, daughter of Sultan Kalu Muhammad. He had issue, one son and one daughter:
    - (1) Kuda Kalafa'anu.
    - (1) H.H. Al-Amira Kuda Kalu Kamanafa'anu, Regent of the Maldive Islands - see below.
2) Eduru Thakurufa'anu, Khatib of Bararu, Tiladummati Atoll, who had issue:
- a) a daughter. m. Al-Amir 'Umar Oligina Kilege, of Maduvari Island, Malosmadulu Atoll, and had issue:
  - i) H.H. Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu [Husain II ibn Omar Oligina], Regent of the Maldive Islands - see below.

1584 - 1585 H.H. Sultan Ghazi Muhammed Akbar al-'Azam Sri Kavasara Aditya Maha Radun, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives, second son of Kalege Husain Thakuru'fa'anu Khatib of Uthimu, by his second wife, Amina Dio, educ. privately. He surprised and captured the Portuguese fort at Malé, taking prisoner the Portuguese nominated Viceroy Andarin. Proclaimed as Regent with the title al-Wazir Ghazi Muhammad Bodu Thakurufa'anu Akbar al-'Azam, 1^st July 1573 o.s. A Portuguese expedition returned to the islands in 1574 and an inconclusive war continued for there three years, in which they were unable to retake the fort at Malé or the stronghold at Game, in Souadou Atoll. In the treaty concluding hosilities, the local nobles and ministers agreed to grant Dom Manuel, his heirs and successors a portion of the state revenues and to ensure that nobody assume a regnal title. In return, they ruled the islands without Portuguese interferance, except for matters of external trade and foreign affairs. Proclaimed as Sultan following the death of Dom Manuel and installed with the title of Sri Kavasara Aditya Maha Radun, at Malé, 20^th July 1584 n.s. m. (first) in the woods of Ba'arah, before 1573, Bula Fatimage Rehendiya Goyye Khadija, daughter of Cat Fatima of Borhi Forest, a woman of humble origins, from Ba'ararh. m. (second) at Malé, 1573, H.H. Aisha Kabafa'anu Rani Kilege, widow of Sultan 'Ali VI, Sultan of the Maldives, and daughter of Sultan Kalu Muhammad, by his wife, the Buraki Rani, daughter of Rekka Kamanafa'anu. m. (third) Midu Kaba (m. second, her step-son, Al-Ghazi Ibrahim Fasha'ana - see below). He d. Malé, 27^th August 1585 n.s. (bur. there at Boduthakurufa'anu Ziya'araiy, Bihuroazu Kamana'a Miskiy), having had issue:

1) 1) Ibrahim Kalafa'anu, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Ibrahim III Sri Sandhasuvarudha Loka Maha Radun [Al-Ghazi Ibrahim Farina], Sultan of the Maldives (s/o Khadija) - see below.

1585 - 1607 H.H. Sultan Ibrahim III Sri Sandhasuvarudha Loka Maha Radun [Al-Ghazi Ibrahim Farina Kilage]*, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives, son of H.H. Sultan Ghazi Muhammed Thakurufa'anu Akbar al-'Azam Sri Kavasara Aditya Maha Radun, the Maldives, by his wife, Bula Fatimage Rehendi Goyye Khadija, educ. privately. Styled Ibrahim Kalafa'anu before his accession. Succeeded on the death of his father, 27^th August 1585 n.s. Installed with the title of Sri Sandhasuvarudha Loka Maha Radun. He received a Portuguese envoy ca 1606 and reluctantly agreed to acknowledge Dom Felipe in the same manner as his father. m. (first)** Midu Kaba, a widow of his father. m. (second)** Nuzrat Kaba. m. (third)** H.H. Saska Furadana Kanba'a Aisha Rani Kilege (m. second, ca. 1610, H.H. Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu [Husain II ibn Omar Oligina], Regent of the Maldive Islands, and after his death m. third, ca. 1620, Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad 'Imad ud-din I; d. 1661), daughter of Kalege Hassan, of Mafilafuri, Fadiffulu Atoll, by his wife, Kadidafa'anu of Daravandu. m. (fourth) 1606, the former wife of a Bengali merchant. He was k. at sea at Hanna Midu by Malabari pirates, 4^th February 1607 (bur. Mahibadu Island, Ari Atoll).

* There is some uncertainty whether this ruler held the title of Sultan throughout his reign. He may have assumed it for a period sometime after his accession to power, then abandoned it again under Portuguese pressure in 1606.

** One of these wives was the granddaughter of Andhiri Andhirin, Viceroy of the Maldive Islands for King Dom Manuel.

1607 - 1609 1607 - 1609 Al-Amira Kuda Kalu Kamanafa'anu, Regent of the Maldive Islands, daughter of Al-Amir Hassan Thakurufa'anu Khatib Rannabanderi Kilegefa'anu, by his wife, Kuda Kamanafa'anu, younger daughter of Sultan 'Ali VI, Sultan of the Maldives. Assumed the functions of ruler on the death of Sultan Ibrahim III, 4^th February 1607. Never secure as ruler due to a long civil war. m Vela'ana'a, a Prtuguese Indian shipwrecked on the islands at the age of seven and brought up with Sultan Ibrahim, who later came to fear him and had him murdered. She d. at sea or on Mahibadu Island, Ari Atoll, while on pilgrimage to give alms, ca. 1609, having had issue, a son (aged 15 when Pyrard left Male in February 1607).

1609 - 1620 Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu [Husain II ibn Omar Oligina], Regent of the Maldive Islands. b. at Maduvari, North Malosmadulu Atoll, son of Al-Amir Omar Oligina Kilege, by his wife, a daughter of the Eduru Thakurufa'anu, Khatib of Bararu, Tiladummati Atoll, educ. privately. Appointed as Fa'amuladeri. Made himself ruler after a civil war lasting up to four years, ca. 1613. Never assumed the title of Sultan or formally installed, though usually styled "Sultan Husain II" in the official version of history. m. ca. 1610, as her second husband, H.H. Saska Furadana Kanba'a Aisha Rani Kilege (m. third, ca. 1620, Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad 'Imad ud-din I, and d. 1661), former wife of Sultan Ibrahim III, and daughter of Kalege Hassan, of Mafilafuri, Fadiffulu Atoll, by his wife, Khadija Manikufa'anu, of Daravandu. He d. at Guraidu Island, South Malé Atoll, 20^th February 1620 n.s., having had issue, three sons and a daughter, including:

1) Al-Amir Muhammd Dorimena Kilegefa'anu (s/o Kanba'a Aisha). He d. 1^st May 1661.
2) Al-Amir Hassan Farina Kilege Dorimena (s/o Kanba'a Aisha). m. (first) Daravandu Khadija Dio. m. (second) Princess "Fulana", daughter of H.H. Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad 'Imad ud-din I, Sultan of the Maldives. He had issue, a son by his first wife:
- a) Muhammad Manikufa'anu, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Muhammad Muhi ud-din, Sultan of the Maldives (s/o Khadija) - see below.

1620 - 1648 H.H. Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad 'Imad ud-din I ibnu 'Umar ad-Didi al-Adil Svasti Sirimata Maha Sri Kula Sada Ira Siyaka Sastra Audana Kirti Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun* [Bodu Rasgefa'anu], Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives, son of Bodumagu Al-Amir 'Umar Ma'afai Kilege, by his wife, Kaba'a Amina Ma'ava Kilege, daughter of Maryam Kamba'adi Kilege, daughter of 'Ali Thakurufa'anu Khatib, of Ma'arandu, son of Husain Thakurufa'anu Khatib, of Utheem, educ. privately. Kidnapped by the Malabari pirates who invaded Malé in February 1607 and taken to Cannore, remaining there for many years before being released and making his way back to the islands. Installed as Regent on the death of Husain, 20^th February 1620 n.s. Proclaimed as Sultan following the failure of the Portuguese expedition of 1632, and formally installed with the title Sri Kula Sundara Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun. He rebuilt the Eterekolu (palace enclosure) and surrounded it with a moat, constructed the fort and breakwater to protect the harbour at Malé. m. (first) Aisha Kabafa'anu (d. 1665). m. (second) ca. 1620, as her third husband, H.H. Saska Furadana Kanba'a Aisha Rani Kilege (d. 1661), former wife of (first), Sultan Ibrahim III Kala'afa'anu, and (second), Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu [Husain II ibn Omar Oligina], and daughter of Kalege Hassan, of Mafilafuri, Fadiffulu Atoll, by his wife, Kadidafa'anu of Daravandu. m. (third) Fatuma Kilage, from Bararu, Tiladummati Atoll. He d. 22^nd October 1648 n.s., having had issue:

1) H.H. Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar I, Sultan of the Maldives (s/o Aisha Kabafa'anu) - see below.
2) A son, who had issue:
- a) Amira Amina Kamba'adi Kilege. m. Al-Amir Mahmud Fandiyaru Kilegefa'anu (d. 8^th March 1678), Chief Judge 1663-1678, son of Don Boi Naib Thakurufa'anu, the step-son of Addu Bodu Fandiyaru Thakurufa'anu. She had issue, a son:
  - i) Funadhu Muhammad Siraj ud-din Thakurufa'anu, Khatib. Refused the throne and removed himself and his family to Funadhu Island, Haddummati Atoll.
1) Princess "Fulana" (i.e. an unnamed daughter). m. Al-Amir Hassan Farina Kilege Dorimena, younger son of H.H. Al-Amir Husain Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu [Husain II ibn Omar Oligina], Regent of the Maldive Islands, by his wife, H.H. Saska Furadana Kanba'a Aisha Rani Kilege, daughter of Kalege Hassan, of Mafilafuri. She had issue - see above.
2) Princess Mariyam Kaba'adi Kilege (d/o Fatuma). She d. 14^th Ramazan, …AH) (bur. Eterekolu Miskit, Malé).

*His title translates as "His Majesty, endowed with beauty of the glorious race of the sun and moon, accomplished in the arts and sciences, noble of unsullied fame, mighty monarch of the world".

1648 -1687 H.H. Sultan al-Ghazi Hajji Ibrahim I Iskandar al-'Izz w'an-Nasr Zarb fi'l-Mahli Sahib as-Suja'at ibnu Sultan Ghazi Muhammad Imad ud-din Iskandar, Svasti Sirimata Maha Sri Kula Danala Ran Miba Virasingha Navaratna Kirti Audana Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun^#, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives. b. bfore 7^th May 1631, eldest son of H.H. Sultan Shuja'at Muhammad 'Imad ud-din I ibnu 'Umar ad-Didi al-Adil Sri Kula Sundara Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun, Sultan of the Maldives, by his wife, Aisha Kabafa'anu, educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, 22^nd October 1648 n.s. He succesfully defended a Portuguese attack on the islands in 1650, during which the titular king, Dom Luis and his brother Manuel attempted to establish their rule. The victory ended the nominal suzerainty established by the treaty of 1576, and no further tribute payments sent to Goa thereafter. He ordered the dismantling and reconstruction of the Dharumavantha Rasgefaanu Friday Mosque in 1656-1658, and built the first minaret in Malé in 1674. The first madrassa to instruct children in the holy book was established after his return from the pilgrimage to Mecca in 1667. A skilled expert in martial arts, especially archery, musketry and swordsmanship, also celebrated for his love of scholarship and learning. m. (first) Lhaimagu Amina Kaba'afa'anu (d. at Malé, 15^th September 1678). m. (a) H.H. Maryam## Kabafa'anu Rani Kilege (m. 1688, Dorimena Kilegefa'anu; k. in an explosion on baord her vessel at sea, off Dunidu Island, 26^th February 1691 n.s., leaving a daughter by her second husband), when a spark from a victory salute blew up a powder magazine, destroying the royal vessel in which she was sailing), Regent for her infant son 1687-1691, daughter of Malimee Husain, an Indian. He d. (poisoned by Maryam) at Malé, 28^th February 1687 n.s., having had issue:

1) Prince Kuda Muhammad, who succeeded as H.H. Sultan Muhammad I ibnu Sultan al-Ghazi Hajji Ibrahim Svasti Sri Mani Rannaloka Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun (s/o Maryam) - see below.
2) A d/o Maryam. m. the son of Thakandhu 'Ali Bandeyri Thakurufa'anu.
3) Princess Rendi Kaba'afa'anu. She d. at Malé (bur. there at the Etere-Kolu Miskit Cemetery)###.

# His titles translate as "His Majesty, endowed with beauty, of the glorious race of the sun and moon, rich in gold and elephants, powerful lion, famed as the precious nine gems, accomplished in the arts and sciences, noble great monarch of the world".
## Maryam had her brothers Grand Vizier 'Ali Funadhu Khatib Thakurufa'anu, Ibrahim and Isa, all appointed ministers after she assumed the regency. He sister, Nabila Aisha married Fulhadhu Bodu Bandeyri Kaleyge.
### Her grave is mistakenly identified as that of Sanfa Rendi Kaba'afanu, one of the five daughters of Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar II. However, a closer reading of the full title of her father, as given on the tombstone, makes it clear that the Rendi Kaba'afanu buried there was a daughter of Ibrahim I.

1687 - 1691 H.H. Sultan Muhammad I ibnu Sultan al-Ghazi Hajji Ibrahim Svasti Sri Mani Rannaloka Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives, son of H.H. Sultan al-Ghazi Hajji Ibrahim I Iskandar al-'Izz w'an-Nasr Zarb fi'l-Mahli Sahib as-Suja'at ibnu Sultan Ghazi Muhammad Imad ud-din Iskandar, Svasti Sirimata Maha Sri Kula Danala Ran Miba Virasingha Navaratna Kirti Audana Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives, by H.H. Maryam Kabafa'anu Rani Kilege. b. at Malé, 24^th August 1680 n.s., educ. privately. Appointed as Heir Presumptive by his father, 5^th February 1682 n.s. Succeeded on the death of his father in 28^th February 1687 n.s. and reigned under the Regency of his mother. He d. from burn injuries received in the explosion that killed his mother, at Malé, 5^th March 1691 n.s. (bur. Hukuru Miskiy, Malé).

1691 - 1692 H.H. Sultan Muhammad Muhi ud-din ul-Adil Svasti Sri Nakarai Sundara Buwana Maha Radun, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives, son of Al-Amir Hassan Farina Kilege Dorimena, by his first wife, Daravandu Khadija Dio, educ. privately. H served as a Vizier and Fa'amuladeri Kilegefa'anu 1687-1689, exiled to Fua Muluku in 1689 until recalled in 1690. Proclaimed on the death of his cousin, 5^th March 1691 n.s. m. (div.) Maryam Kabafa'anu (m. second, 1690, Grand Vizier 'Ali Funadhu Khatib Thakurufa'anu, brother of H.H. Maryam Kabafa'anu Rani Kilege. m. third, 1692, H.H. Sultan Sayyid Muhammad Shams ud-din al-Hamawi, Sultan of the Maldives. m. fourth, 1693, H.H. Sultan Al-Ghazi Muhammad II Radunai Svasti Sirimata Sri Kula Ranmani Auda Kirti Kathiri Buwana Maha Radun, Sultan of the Maldives - see below), daughter of the Velana Thakurufa'anu of Fenfuri. He d. from illness at Malé, 18^th February 1692 n.s. (bur. there at the Sultan Muhammad Muhi ud-din Ziyarat).

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MALDIVES 1	MALDIVES 2	MALDIVES 3	MALDIVES 4
MALDIVES 5	MALDIVES 6	MALDIVES 8	MALDIVES 9
MALDIVES 10	MALDIVES 11	MALDIVES 12	MALDIVES 13
MALDIVES 14	MALDIVES 15	MALDIVES 16	MAIN

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