EGYPT
![]() |
The Muhammad 'Ali Dynasty
GENEALOGY
1805 - 1848 H.H.
Muhammad 'Ali Pasha (Muhammad 'Ali the Great),
Vali of Egypt, Nubia, Darfur, Kordofan and Sennar, of
Crete, Damascus, Tripoli (Lebanon), Syria, Safed, Sidon,
Beirut, and Aleppo, Mutasharrif of the Sanjaks of
Jerusalem, Nablus, Cania and Retimo. b. at Kavala,
Macedonia, before 8th April 1769, younger son
of Ibrahim Agha, sometime cdt. of the fortress
guarding Kavala Pass, by his wife, Zainab, daughter of
Husain Agha, educ. privately. Appointed as Yol
Agassi in succession to his father, prom. Bulukbashi
and coy. cdr. 1791, second-in-cmnd. Albanian contingent
sent against Bonaparte in Egypt 1799, landed at Aboukir
14th July 1799, prom. Bimbashi 1800,
prom. Saréchesme (Brig. or Col.) 1801, cdr. of
the Albanian contingent 1803-1804, Governor of Jirja
1804-1805. Invested with the title of Pasha and
appointed as Governor of Jeddah, 10th May
1805. Elected and invested at Bayt al-Qadi as Vali
(Governor) of Egypt by the Grand Council of Cairo, 13th
May 1805 (confirmed by the ulema 8th
June 1805). Confirmed by Imperial Ottoman Firman and
prom. to Pasha of three horse tails 9th
July 1805. Formally invested on behalf of the Sultan, at
Azbakiya, Cairo, 23rd March 1806. He defeated
and masacred the mamluks at the Cairo Citadel 1st
March 1811, thereby consolidating his control over Egypt.
Conquered the Sudan in 1822-23, and occupied Syria
1831-39. Appointed as Governor of Crete 1823, and Pasha
of Acre 16th January 1824. Recognised by the
Sultan of Turkey as Vali of Damascus, Tripoli (Lebanon),
Syria, Safed, Sidon, Beirut, and Aleppo, Mutasharrif of
the Sanjaks of Jerusalem, Nablus, Cania and Retimo 15th
April 1833. Confirmed in the hereditary (primogeniture to
the eldest male) Pashalik of Egypt, Nubia, Darfur,
Kordofan and Sennar by Imperial Ottoman Firman 13th
February 1841 (confirmed anew 1st June 1841).
Resigned in favour of his eldest son when he became
incapacitated, 1st September 1848. Field
Marshal, Imperial Ottoman Army 25/6/1832. Rcvd:
the Order of the August Portrait (Tasvir-i Humayun
Nishani), and the Order of Glory (Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar)
1st class of Turkey, and GC of the Order of
the Legion of Honour of France. m. at least
fifteen wives, including (first) at Kavala, 1787, Amina Khanum
Effendimiz (b. at Nusretli, 1770; d.
at the Citadel, Cairo, 1824, bur. there at the
Hosh al-Basha, Imam al-Shafi'i), widow of 'Ali Bey,
and daughter of 'Ali Agha, of Nusretli, a near
relation of Khalil Ahmad Agha, Governor of Drama. m.
(second) Mah-Duran Khanum Effendi (d.s.p.
at the Palace of Shubra, Cairo). He also m. (a)
Jilfidan Kadin (d. 1813). m. (b)
Qamar Kadin (d. 1868). m. (c)
Mumtaz Kadin [Manthas Kalfa?] (d. 9th
February 1868). m. (d) Pakiza Kadin. m.
(e) Shams uz-Zafar Khanum [Scham Schachar Kalfa?](d.
at Kasr al-Nil, near Bulaq, 1846), who became principal
lady of the harem with the courtesy title of Khanum
1824. m. (f) Shams-i-Nur Khanum (d.
1863, bur. Fenayi Cemetery, Scutari), a
Circassian. m. (g) Mahivash Kadin [Zeccha Kalfa?]
(d. 1856). m. (h) Namshaz Kadin (b.
ca. 1798; d. at Istanbul, 1864). m. (i)
Nur-i-Sham Kadin (d. 1869), a Circassian. m.
(j) Naila Kadin. m. (k) Sania Shah Kadin
[Um Nu'man] (d. 1816). m. (l) Khadija Ziba Kadin
[Zépha Kalfa?] (d. 1878), a Circassian. m.
(m) Um Iskander [Zelpha Kalfa?], a former
Georgian slave. m. (n) Ain ul-Hayat Khanum
[Schan Pezent Kalfa?] (d. 1849), raised to
the courtesy title of Khanum. He d.
at Moharrem Bey, near Alexandria, 2nd August
1849 (bur. at the Mosque of Muhammad 'Ali
al-Kabir, the Citadel, Cairo), having had issue,
seventeen sons and thirteen daughters::CopyrightŠ Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - July 2008