CHINA

The Manchu Dynasty

(Ta Ch'ing Ch'ao )

GENEALOGY

• 6) Field Marshal H.I.H. Prince (Huang Tzu) Yi-hsin (=Yi Xin) [Chung], 1^st Prince Kung (Kung Ho Shê Ch'in Wang=Gongzhong Qinwang) (cre. 1850). b. 11^th January 1833 (s/o Empress Hsiao Ching), educ. privately. Granted the additional title of To Lo Pei Lê 1864, and to the first rank with perpetual inheritance 1872, reduced to a prince of the second rank 10^th September 1874, restored 1874. Grand Counsellor 1853-1855, 1861-1865, 1875-1884 and 1894-1898, Lt-Gen. of a Banner Corps 1854, Presiding Controller Imperial Clan Court 1854-1855, Senior Chamberlain Imperial Bodyguard 1857, Peace negotiator with the British 1860, Presdt. Brd. of Foreign Affairs 1861-1865, 1875-1884 and 1894-1898, Presdt. of the Grand Cncl. 1886, and Presdt. of the Imperial Clan Cncl. 1898, Mbr. Admiralty Brd. and War Cncl. 1886. m. at Peking, 1848, H.H. Princess Consort (Fu Chin) …(b. 1834; d. 1880), tenth daughter of General H.E. Kuei-liang [Wen-tuan], of the Gualgiya clan, sometime Grand Counsellor, Governor-General of Fukien, Chekiang and Chichli. He d. at the Kung Wang Fu, Peking, 29^th May 1898, having had issue, four sons and at least six daughters, including:
  • a) H.I.H. Prince (To Lo Chün Wang) Tsai-cheng. b. 1856, educ. privately. Received his name, 7^th October 1858. Raised to the rank of To Lo Pei Lê 1862, prom. to To Lo Chün Wang 14^th February 1874 (degraded 10^th September 1874) but later restored. Adopted his nephew, Prince P'u-wei, as his heir and successor. m. at Peking, 1874, …He d.s.p.m. 1885 (succ. by his nephew, Prince P'u-wei).
  • b) H.H. Prince Tsai-ying [Zhai Ying], 2^nd Prince (To Lo Pei Lê) Chung. Received his name, 30^th April 1861, educ. privately. Adopted by his uncle, Prince Yi-chia [Yi-ho], 1^st Prince Chung, an succeeded him as Chung To Lo Pei Lê 27^th December 1868. Lieut-Gen. Bordered Yellow Banner, Supt. of Customs at Peking 1894-1895, Lieut-Gen. Bordered Red Banner 1895-1900. Deprived of his styles and titles for his part in the Boxer rebellion in August 1900 but posthumously restored by Dowager Empress Lung Yu. He d. 30^th September 1909, having had issue, three sons:
    • i) H.I.H. Prince P'u-wei, 2^nd Prince (Ho Shê Ch'in Wang) Kung. b. at the Kung Wang Fu, Peking, 1880, educ. privately. Adopted by his uncle, Prince Tsai-ch'eng and succeeded his grand father as 2^nd Prince Kung, 1898. Presdt. Anti-Opium Cmsn. 1909-1911. He d. 1936, having had issue, ten sons, including:
      • (1) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Fu Kuo Kung) Yü-lin. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
      • (2) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Fu Kuo Kung) Yü-yuan.
      • (7) H.I.H. Prince Yü-chan, 3^rd Prince (Ho Shê Ch'in Wang) Kung (succ. 1937). b. at the Kung Wang Fu, Peking, educ. privately. Imprisoned by the Soviets in Siberia, 1945-1950 then by the Chinese Communists at Fu Shun Detention Centre, Harbin, Manchuria 1950-1957. Calligrapher and employee of the Chinese Acad. of Arts, Peking. m. Kao Chin-hua, a Han Chinese lady.
    • ii) H.H. Prince P'u-ju (=Pu Ru), 4^th Prince (Ku Shan Pei Tzu) Chung (succ. 196x). b. at Wanping, September 1896, educ. privately and at Univ. of Berlin (PhD 1917). A distinguished painter, illustrator and calligrapher under the nom de plume 'Pu Xinyu'. Mbr. Pine Breeze Painting Soc. Painter and Poet known as 'the Northern Pu', Lecturer at Peking National Univ. and Inst. of Fine Arts, MNA (Manchu) 1947-1949, fled to Korea in 1949and later settled in Taiwan 1950, teacher at the Taiwan Normal Univ. The foremost upholder of the classical scholarly tradition of painting and chaligraphy during his lifetime. m. Lady (Fu Jen) Li Mo-yun. He d. at Taipei, Taiwan, 18^th November 1963. He had issue, two sons and one daughter:
      • (1) H.H. Prince (Fêng Ên Chên Kuo Kung) Yü-li [Loi Li] [Hsiao hua]. b. 24^th May 1924. Settled in Taiwan.
      • (2) The Noble (Chên Kuo Chiang Chün) Yü-chi [Loi Ling]. b. 27^th May 1925.
      • (1) Princess (Hsien Chün Kung Chu) Yao-chao, educ. in Italy.
    • iii) H.H. Prince (Ku Shan Pei Tzu) P'u-hui [Pu De]. b. 1906, educ. privately. m. Pu-hoi, Tzu Shu-ming. He had issue, one son. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
  • c) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Chên Kuo Kung) Tsai-chun. b. 1864. He d. 1866.
  • d) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Chên Kuo Kung) Tsai-huang. b. 1880. He d. 1885.
  • f) H.I.H. Princess (Ku Lun Kung Chu) Jung-shou. b. 1854. Adopted by the Empress Dowager Hsiao Chin. m. 1866, H.H. Prince (Ku Lun E Fu) Chih-tuan (d. 1871), a descendant of H.E. Ming-jui, 1^st Prince Ch'eng-chia I-yung. She d. 1911.
• 7) General H.I.H. Prince (Huang Tzu) Yi-huan (=Yi Xuan)[Hsien], 1^st Prince Ch'un (Ch'un Ho Shê Ch'in Wang=Chunxian Qinwang) (cre. 1850). b. 16^th October 1840, educ. privately. Lt-Gen. of a Manchu Banner Corps, Adj-Gen. and Chamberlain of the Imperial Bodyguard 1861, Assist. cdt. Peking Field Force 1862-1875 (cdr. 1876), Controller of the Admiralty Brd. 1885. Granted the title of Ho Shê Ch'in Wang Ch'un 1872 (made perpetually inheritable 1875). m. (first) H.I.H. Princess (Fu Chin) ... (d. 1875), sister of the Grand Empress Dowager Tzu Hsi, and daughter of Captain Kuei Siang, of the Ye'honala clan. m. (second) Lady (Ts'e Fu Chin) Tsui (b. 1868; d. 1925), daughter of a groom. He d. 1^st January 1891, having had issue, seven sons and one daughter:
  • a) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Fu Kuo Kung) Tsai-han. b. 1865 (s/o the princess). He d.v.p. 1866.
  • b) H.H. Prince (Fêng Ên Fu Kuo Kung) Tsai-t'ien (=Zhai Tian)), who succeeded as H.I.M. Emperor Kuang-hsü [Teu Tsung], Great Emperor of the Great Ching Dynasty (s/o the princess)- see below.
  • c) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Fu Kuo Kung) Tsai-li. b. and d. 1875 (s/o the princess).
  • d) H.I.H. Prince Tsai-fêng (=Zhai Feng), 2^nd Prince Ch'un (Ho Shê Ch'un Ch'in Wang), GCVO (22.6.1911). b. 12^th December 1877 (s/o Lady Tsui), educ. privately. Succeeded his father as 2^nd Prince Chun, 1^st January 1891. Lieut-Gen. Plain White Banner 1901, Special Ambassador to the Emperor of Germany 1901, Raised to the hereditary rank of Ho Shê Ch'in Wang 13^th November 1908, Lieutenant of the Empire and Prince Regent (Chien Kuo Shê Chêng Wang) for his infant son, 13^th November 1908 to 6^th December 1912. Thereafter, private school director and teacher. Rcvd: Knt. of the Orders of the Black Eagle of Prussia (27.1.1910), and the Annunziata of Italy, the Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum of Japan (2.11.1909), and GC of the Orders of the Legion of Honour of France (19.12.1909), Red Eagle of Prussia (27.1.1910), King George V Coron. Medal (1911), etc. m. (first) at Peking, in the Autumn of 1902, H.I.H. Princess Consort (Fu Chin) Kua Erh Chia Shih [Thai Ri] [Jung Hui] (b. 1884; d. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 30^th September 1921), eighth daughter of General H.E. Baron Jung Lu [Wen-chung], of the Gualgiya clan, Viceroy, PC, Grand Counsellor and Grand Secretary. m. (second) …He d. at Peking, 30^th March 1951, having had issue, five sons and seven daughters:
    • i) H.I.M. [P'u-yi] Hsüan-t'ung [K'angiTeh], Great Emperor of the Great Ching Dynasty (s/o Kua Erh Jia Shih) - see below.
    • ii) H.I.H. Prince P'u-chieh (=Pu Jie), 3^rd Prince (Ho Shê Ch'in Wang) Ch'un, Head of the Imperial Ch'ing Dynasty (s/o Kua Erh Jia Shih) - see below.
    • iii) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Chên Kuo Kung) P'u-chien. He d. at the age of one year.
    • iv) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Chên Kuo Kung) P'u-chi. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 4^th October 1916. He d. there, 25^th September 1918.
    • v) H.H. Prince (To Lo Pei Lê) P'u-chen (=Pu Ren). b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 17^th August 1918 (s/o the second wife). Renamed Chin Yü-chih after the Chinese revolution. Schoolteacher, Mbr. Cttee. Peking West City Dist. Political Consultative Conf. m. (first) … m. (second) Lady (Fu Jen) Chang Mao-ying. He had issue, three sons and two daughters:
      • (1) H.H. Prince (Ku Shan Pei Tzu) Chin Yü-chung (=Jin Yuzhang). b. 1943 (s/o Lady Chang Mao-ying). Sec. to his uncle, Prince P'u-chieh. Dep. Dir. of Peking Ethnic Affairs Cttee. and Vice-Mayor of Chongwen dist. m. a Han Chinese lady. He has issue, a daughter:
        • (a) Princess (Hsien Chün Kung Chu) Jessica Jin. b. 1977. Computer graduate serving with Motorola. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
      • (2) The Noble (Chên Kuo Chiang Chün) Chin Yü-lan (=Jin Yu-lan). b. 1949. Schoolteacher.
      • (3) The Noble (Chên Kuo Chiang Chün) Chin Yü-chüan (=Jin Yu-quan) (s/o Lady Chang Mao-ying). Vice-Presdt. Energy & Environment Protection at Beijing Univ. Mbr. Cttee. Caoyang Dist. Political Consultative Conf.
    • i) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Yun-ying [Gege Ta Ko Ko]. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1909 (d/o Kua Erh Jia Shih). m. 192x, a son of H.E. Prince Jung-Yuan, of the Manchu White Banner Corps and the Kokol clan, sometime Minister of the Imperial Household. She d. 1926.
    • ii) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Jun-ho [Erh Ko Ko] [Ping-hssi]. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1911, educ. UK. Renamed Chin Hsin-ju after the revolution. Employee at the former Imperial Palace after the Communist revolution. m. at Hsinking, 1932, Cheng Yun-kai, educ. Univ. of London, eldest son of Cheng Ch'ui, Chief Sec. to his father, and grandson of H.E. Cheng Hsiao-hsu, sometime Prime Minister of Manchuria. She had issue, one son and three daughters, including:
      • (1) Cheng Ying-ts'ai. b. at the home of Sir Robert Ho Tung, London, 15^th February 1933.
      • (1) Cheng [Zheng shuang]. b. in Manchuria, 1936, educ. Central Acad. of Fine Arts, Peking. A distinguished painter and master of Chinese watercolour wood block print. Teacer at the May Seventh Sc. 1968-1973, Professor at the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts. Vice-Chair. Guangdong Artist's Assoc., Mbr. Standing Cttee. Chinese Graphic Artist's Assoc., and of the Chinese Artist Assoc. m. 1968, ... She had issue, one son. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
      • (2) Another daughter.
    • iii) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Yun-ying [San Ko Ko] [Lily]. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1913 (d/o Kua Erh Jia Shih). Renamed Chin Hua-hsiu after the revolution, becoming a dressmaker. Mbr. East City District Political Consultative Conf. m. 1936, H.H. Prince (Chün Chu E Fu) Jung Ch'i [Jack Gubolo Ronqi] (b. at the Gubolo Mansion, Peking, 1912; d. there, 1999), educ. in Japan, imprisoned at the Shun War Criminals' Detention Centre at Harbin in 1945, released from confinement 1957, later assigned work in the Inst. of Legal Research within the Chinese Acad. of Sciences, retd. 1987 and took up acupuncture, Mbr. National Consultative Cncl. and People's Consultative Cttee., brother of Empress [Chih-lien] Hsiao Hung-ch'iu [Jung Wan], and son of H.E. Prince Jung-Yuan, of the Manchu White Banner Corps and the Kokol clan, sometime Minister of the Imperial Household. She d. 1992, having had issue, one son:
      • (1) Tsung-yen, educ. in Japan. Imprisoned with his mother, he suffered from ill health and eventually succumbed to malnutrition at the age of eight years.
    • iv) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Yun-hsien. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1914. Fled to Taiwan after the revolution in 1948 but returned to Peking with her second husband in 1982. m. (first) the Chief of Staff to Chang Hsun. m. (second) Zhao Qifan, a Mongol who worked as an artist, sometime Mbr. Mongolian-Tibetan Affairs Cttee. in Taiwan, and of the Municipal Cmsn. of Nationality Affairs in Peking after 1982.
    • v) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Yun-hsiang. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1917. Imprisoned at Fushan War Criminals Detention Centre at Harbin 1945-1949, worked as an accountant and a dressmaker in Peking after 1949. m. Wan Jiaxi (d. at Peking, 1972). She had issue five children, including three sons and one daughter.
    • vi) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Yun-yü [Liu Ko Ko] [Fo-erh]. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1919. Painter at the Peking Painting Acad. m. Wang Li-min [Wang Ailan]. She d. 1982.
    • vii) H.H. Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) Yun-Huan [Ch'i Ko Ko]. b. at the Pei Mansion, Shichahai, Peking, 1921. Renamed Chin Chih-chien or Chin Huan after the revolution. Schoolteacher. m. (first) 1939, Wu Chi-lun (k. by a Kuomintang assasin, at Shanghai, 4^th March 1940), Attorney-at-Law. m. (second) at Peking, 1950, Ch'iao … She had issue, two sons and one daughter, by her second husband:
      • (1) Ch'iao-min. b. 1952. He has issue, one son:
        • (a) Hsiao-tung. b. 1977.
      • (2) Ch'iao-tai. b. 1953. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
      • (1) Ch'iao-ying. b. 1951. m. and has issue, one daughter:
        • (a) Hsiao-yen. b. 1977.
  • e) H.E. Prince (Pu Ju Pa Fên Fu Kuo Kung) Tsai-kuang. b. 1880 (s/o the princess). He d. 1884.
  • f) Admiral of the Fleet H.H. Prince Tsai-hsün, 2^nd Prince Tuan (To Lo Tuan Pei Lê), GCB (c 26.11.1909). b. 20^th May 1885 (s/o Lady Tsui), educ. privately. Succeeded as 2^nd Prince Tuan, 15^th July 1902. Cmsnr. for the reorganisation of the Navy 1909-1910, Min. of Marine 1910-1911. Rcvd: the Order of the Double Dragon 1^st class 2^nd grade, GC of the Orders of Leopold of Austria (3.1.1908), and the Red Eagle of Prussia (5.1.1908). He d. 1949 (succ. by his nephew and adopted son, Prince P'u-kuang).
  • g) General H.H. Prince Tsai-t'ao, 3^rd Prince Chung (To Lo Chung Pei Lê) (cre. 15^th July 1902). b. 1887 (s/o Lady Tsui), educ. privately. Adopted son and successor of Prince Yi-mo. C-in-C Imperial Guards dvsn. 1908-1910, COGS 1910-1911, representative of the Manchus in the National Peoples' Congress 1954, Mbr. Regional Cttee of the Advisory Political Conf. of the PRC 1954. Rcvd: the Order of the Double Dragon 1^st class, 2^nd grade, GC of the Orders of the Red Eagle of Prussia (5.1.1908) and Leopold of Austria (1910). He d. at Peking, September 1970, having had issue, five sons, including:
    • i) H.H. Prince P'u-kuang, 3^rd Prince (Ku Shan Pei Tzu) Tuan (succ. 1924). b. June 1904, as P'u-chien, educ. privately. Adopted by his uncle Prince Tuan and given the new name of P'u-kuang. Succeeded his adopted father, 1949.  Copyright© Christopher Buyers
    • ii) H.H. Prince (Ku Shan Pei Tzu) P'u-chia. b. 9^th June 1908, educ. at the Imperial Palace, Peking. m. … He had issue.
    • iii) The Noble (Chên Kuo Chiang Chün) P'u-an.
    • i) A daughter. m. 1931, Darjia.
  • a) Princess (Chün Chu Kung Chu) …(d/o the princess). She d. young.
  • b) Another daughter by Lady Tsui, who also d. young.
  • c) A daughter. m. General H.E. T'ieh-liang, Grand Counsellor 1906, Presdt Brd of War 1906-1910, Tartar General at Nanking 1910-1911.
  • d) A younger daughter. m. Chao Kuo-chi, of the Kharachin tribe of Mongols.
• 8) H.I.H. Prince (Huang Tzu) Yi-ho [Tuan], 1^st Prince Chung (Chung To Lo Chün Wang) (cre. 1850). b. 21^st February 1844, educ. privately. Adopted his nephew, Prince Tsai-ying 1868 (see above). He d. 17^th December 1868.
• 9) H.I.H. Prince (Huang Tzu) Yi-hui, 1^st Prince Fu (Fu To Lo Chün Wang) (cre. 1850). b. 1845, educ. privately. He d. 1877, having had issue:
• a) H.H. Prince Tsai-shu, 2^nd Prince (To Lo Pei Lê) Fu (succ. 1877). Adopted his cousin, Prince P'u-chin. Dean of the Coll. of Art, Fujen Univ. Rcvd: the Order of the Double Dragon 1^st class, 2^nd grade. He d.s.p. 1966.1) H.I.H. Princess (Kung Chu) Tuan-min (d/o Empress Hsiao Shen-sheng). She d. 1819.
• 2) H.I.H. Princess (Kung Chu) Tuan-…She d. young.
• 3) H.I.H. Princess Tuan-shun (Ku Lun Tuan-shun Kung Chu) (d/o Empress Hsiao Kuan-sheng). She d. young.
• 4) H.I.H. Princess Shuo-an (Ku Lun Shou-an Kung Chu). b. 1826 (d/o Empress Hsiao Kuan-sheng). m. 1841, H.H. Prince Demchüghjab (Ku Lun Demchugjab E Fu), son of Aghwangduwadijab, a Mongol prince and cdr. of the Naiman Banner of the Juu-uda League. She d. 1860.
• 5) H.I.H. Princess Shou-chang (Ho Shê Shou-chang Kung Chu). b. 1829 (d/o Empress Hsiao Ching-sheng). She d. 1856.
• 6) H.I.H. Princess Shou-en (Ku Lun Shou-en Kung Chu). b. January 1831 (d/o Empress Hsiao Ching-sheng). m. 1845, H.H. Ching-shou, 5^th Prince Cheng-chia I-yung (Ku Lun Cheng-chia I-yung E Fu) (d. 1889), Mbr. Cncl. of Regency 1861, grandson of General H.E. Hui-lun, 2^nd Prince Cheng-chia I-yung. She d. 1859.
• 7) H.I.H. Princess Shou-… (Kung Chu).
• 8) H.I.H. Princess Shou-hsi (Ho Shê Shou-hsi Kung Chu). m. 8^th December 1863, H.H. Prince (Ho Shê E Fu) Jalafengge, son of Major-General Xilabu of the Niohuru clan. She d. September 1866.
• 9) H.I.H. Princess Shou-chuang (Ho Shê Shou-chuang Kung Chu).