lanxang2

LAN XANG

The Khun Lo Dynasty

GENEALOGY

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1479 – 1485 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Suvarna Panya Lankara Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Souvanna Ban Lang], King of Lan Xang. b. at Xieng-Thong, 1455, second son of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Sanaka Chakrapati Raja Phen-Phaeo Bhaya Jayadiya Kabuddha [Sai Tia Kaphut], King of Lan Xang, educ. privately. Governor of Muang Dansae before his accession. He gathered a small army from his own province after the defeat of his brother in 1479, advanced upon the capital and defeated the occupying Annamite army, leaving less than 600 alive to make their way back to Annam. He then invited his father to return from Vientiane, but he refused out of shame and immediately abdicated in his favour instead. Crowned with the reign name and title of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Suvarna Panya Lankara Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha (the golden throne), at Xieng-Thong, 1479. His signal defeat of the Vietnamese left such a great impression on his enemy that the two countries enjoyed peaceful relations for the next two hundred years. He d.s.p. at Xieng-Thong, 1485 (succ. by his younger brother). Copyright© Christopher Buyers

1485 - 1495 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Lankasena Daya Buvananatha Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [La Sen Thai Puvanart], King of Lan Xang. b. at Xieng-Thong, 1462, sixth son of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Sanaka Chakrapati Raja Phen-Phaeo Bhaya Jayadiya Kabuddha [Sai Tia Kaphut], King of Lan Xang, educ. privately. Governor of Nongkae before his accession. Succeeded on the death of his childless elder brother, 1486. Crowned, 1491. He enjoyed peaceful relations with his neighbours in Annam and cultivated good relations with Ayudhya, spending much of his time contemplating religious and legal matters, furthering the spread of Buddhism and building monuments. He d. suddenly, at Xieng-Thong, 1495, having had issue, an only son:

1) Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Jumbuya Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Somphou], King of Lan Xang – see below.

1495 - 1500 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Jumbuya Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Somphou], King of Lan Xang. b. at Xieng-Thong, 1486, son of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Lankasena Daya Buvananatha Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [La Sen Thai Puvanart], King of Lan Xang., educ. privately. Succeeded on the death of his father, 1495. Reigned under the regency of his uncle, Prince Laksana Vijaya Kumara [Louxé Phe Sai], until he came of age and assumed sovereign powers, 1497. Deposed 1500. He d. 1501.

1500 - 1520 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Visunha Rajadipati Pada Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Visunharat Thipath], King of Lan Xang. b. at Xieng-Thong, 1465, seventh son of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Sanaka Chakrapati Raja Phen-Phaeo Bhaya Jayadiya Kabuddha [Sai Tia Kaphut], King of Lan Xang, educ. privately. Appointed as Governor of Vientiane 1480. Appointed as Chief Minister with the title of Phya Sena Muang in 1491 with the reign name of Visun (Lightning). Served as Regent for his minor nephew, 1495-1497. Deposed his nephew and prolciamed as King 1500. Ascended the throne and crowned as Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Visulya Raja Devavadhi Pada Sri Sadhana Kanayudha, 1501. His reign was prosperous and peaceful with a large number of shrines and monuments being constructed, including the Maha Vihara of Vat Visun, which he built to house the palladium of Luang Prabang, the Maha Pasman, which had been at Vientiane since 1359. A number of important religious texts and literary works were composed or translated into Lao during his reign. He d. at Vientiane, 1520, having had issue, a son:

1) Prince (Chao Fa) Bhudhisaraja Kumara [Photisarasa Kumane], who succeeded as Samdach Brhat-Anya Budhisara Maha Dharmikadasa Lankanakuna Maharaja Adipati Chakrapati Bhumina Narindra Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phothisarath I], King of Lan Xang – see below.

1520 - 1548 Samdach Brhat-Anya Budhisara Maha Dharmikadasa Lankanakuna Maharaja Adipati Chakrapati Bhumina Narindra Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phothisarath I], King of Lan Xang. b. at Xieng-Thong, 1505, as son Prince Bhudhisaraja Kumara, of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Visunha Rajadipati Pada Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Visunarat], King of Lan Xang., educ. at the Vat Visun Maha Vihara, Xieng-Thong. Succeeded on the death of his father, 1520. Crowned at Luang Prabang, 1522. Convened a Buddhist Council in 1523 to revise and purify the Tripitaka. Ordained and served as a Buddhist monk 1525-1526. Transferred his principal residence to Vientiane in 1533, where he constructed a sumptuous capital, but he continued to retain Xieng-Thong as the official capital. King Jayaraja of Ayudhya invaded with a large army in 1540, captured Moung Khuk and crossed the Mekong, but succumbed to a rout at the battle of Sala Kham, the remnants fleeing for their lives and leaving enormous casualties behind. Although credited with many good works and celebrated for promoting Buddhism, he took on the mantle of a zealot, making Buddhism the sole state religion, eradicating all vestiges of traditional beliefs and customs, destroyed all such tainted monuments throughout the country and constructing the Vat Sri Suvarna Devalaksana over the remains of the former shrine of the Xieng-Thong guardian spirit. m. (first) at Chaing Mai, 1533, Queen Yudhi Karma Devi [Yot Kam Tip], alias Brhat Nang Nhot-Kham, daughter of Brhat Muang Ket Klao Setharaja, King of Lanna. m. (second) a Princess of Ayudhya (k. by Phya Sri Sadharmatilaka, ca. 1550). m. (third) a daughter of Prince (Chao) Kuvanadeva [Khua-Thepha]. m. (fourth) Nang Kong-Soi. m. (fifth) Nang Keng, niece of Prince (Chao) Kama Setthadhananga [Kham Xat Tha Nang], Prince of S’ieng Wong S’ieng Wang (Xieng Khoang). m. (sixth) ca 1534, Nang Pak Thuoi Luong. He d. at Xieng-Mai Nhotnakorn Palace, Vientiane, seven days after a fall from his elephant, before 8^th August 1548, having had issue, three sons and three daughters:

1) Prince (Chao Fa) Jaya Setha Varman [Setthavangso], Brhat Uppaya [Phya Uppayao], who succeeded as Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Udaya Budhara Buvana Jaya Setha Maharajadiraja Buvanadi Adipati Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Sai Setthathirath I], King of Lan Na and Lan Xang (s/o Karma Devi) – see below. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
2) Prince (Brhat Chao Fa) Lankarnakaya [Phra Lancharng] (s/o an Ayudhyan Princess). Seized the territories south of Chiengkarn, and established his capital at Pakhoue-luang, after the death of his father, 1550. Defeated and taken prisoner, together with his mother, by Phya Srisa Dharmatilaka ca. 1550. Pardoned by his brother and appointed as Governor of Saenmuong. He had issue.
3) Prince (Chao Fa) Dharuva [Tharua], Brhat Vora Varman [Phra Vorawong] (s/o the daughter of Prince Kuadeva). Seized Luang Prabang and the territories north of Chiengkarn, after the death of his father, 1547. Defeated and expelled by his eldest brother, King Jaya Setha.
4) Prince (Chao Fa) Brhatasena [Phya Asen], who succeeded as Samdach Brhat Chao Brhatasena Vara Varman Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Vorawongse I], King of Lan Xang – see below. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
1) Princess (Chao Fa Nying) Kaeva Kumari [Keo Koumane].
2) Princess (Chao Fa Nying) Taen Kam Lao. Taken prisoner, together with her mother, by the Burmese in 1563.
3) Princess (Chao Fa Nying) Kamagayi [Kam Khai]. Taken prisoner by the Burmese in 1563.
4) Princess (Chao Fa Nying) Dharmagayi [Kham Khai]. m. Brhat Varapitra [Vorapita] (d. at Muang Niek, 1604), regent for his son 1596-1602, he conquered Payao, Serng, Lo, Chiengsen, Hang and Chiengrai from the Burmese, but was forced to surrender power and entered the priesthood at Serk-Vieng-Khuk in 1602. She had issue, a son:
- a) Brhat Samdach Vora Varman, who succeeded as Brhat-Anya Chao Vora Varman Dharmika Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Thammikarath Vorouvongsa II], King of Lan Xang – see below.

1548 – 1571 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Udaya Budhara Buvana Brhat Jaya Setha Maharajadiraja Buvanadi Adipati Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Sai Setthathirath I], King of Lan Na and Lan Xang. b. 24^th January 1534, as Jaya Setha Varman [Setthavangso], Samdach Brhat-Anya Budhisara Maha Dharmikadasa Lankanakuna Maharaja Adipati Chakrapati Bhumina Narindra Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phothisarath I], King of Lan Xang, by his wife, Queen Yudhi Karma Devi [Yot Kam Tip], educ. privately. Appointed as Heir Apparent and invested with the title of Maha Upayuvaraja. Elected by the nobles of Lanna to the vacant throne of his deceased maternal grandfather, where he was formally proclaimed on his arrival at Chiang Mai, 18^th June 1546. Crowned as Jaya Setha Varman, at Chiang Mai, 2^nd July 1546. He left chaing Mai on 8^th August 1548, on hearing of the death of his father at Luang Prabang, taking the Phra Kaeo (Emerald Buddha) with him. Returned to Muang Sawa and secured the submission of his brothers, 1550. Crowned with the reign name and title of Brhat Upayabudhana Buwana Brhat Jayadipada Sri Sadhana Kanayudha. Civil War broke out in Lanna in 1549 and after failing to establish control and three years of chaos, he abdicated that throne in favour of Phra Nang Chiraprapha Maha Devi before 21^st May 1551, but the Council of State refused to ratify his choice and chose another ruler. He sent an army against Lanna in 1555, took Chiang Saen but failed to make further progress. He removed his capital from Muang Sawa to Vientiane in 1560, where he constructed the great Phat That Luang in 1568. Faced three successive Burmese invasions in 1563, 1568 and 1569. Changed the name of Muang Sawa to Luang Prabang (the Royal City of the Brhat Bang). m. (first) at Chiang Mai, Lanna, 14^th July 1546, Princess Dharmadevi [Ton Tip], daughter of his maternal grandfather, Brhat Muang Ket Klao Setharaja, King of Lanna. m. (second) at Chiang Mai, Lanna, 14^th July 1546, Princess Dharmakami [Ton Kam], another daughter of his maternal grandfather, Brhat Muang Ket Klao Setharaja, King of Lanna. m. (third) at Nongharn, 1563, Princess Devisra Kshatriyi [Tepsakatri], younger daughter of Samdach Brhat Maha Chakrapati Rajadhiraja, King of Ayudhya, by his wife, Queen Suriyadaya [Su Tai]. m. (fourth) a daughter of Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Sumangala Ayaka Budhisana Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phragna Sen Soulinthara Lusai], King of Lan Xang. m. (fifth) a lady from Indapatha-negara, who brought with her a copy of the chronicle of the sacred breast-bone relic. He d. or disappeared mysteriously at Muang Ong-Kan, during the Attopau campaign in the southern provinces, 1571, having had issue:

1) Prince (Brhat-Angka Negara Nawi) Nu Muang Kaeva Kumara [Phragna Nakorn-Noi No Muang Keo Koumane], who succeeded as Samdach Brhat Vora Ratana Dharmapasuta Sethakassa Atsanachandra Suvarna Samudhi Khakharattanasara Raja Bupati, King of Lan Xang (s/o the d/o Sena Surindra) – see below. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
1) Princess (Chao Fa Nying) Khau Pheng. m. at Luang Prabagn, 1560, Prince (Brhat Chao) Kham Khon [Kham Done], Prince of Xieng Xouang (d. 1567), younger son of Prince (Chao) Su Bun Lan Thai, Prince of S’ieng Wong S’ieng Wang. She had issue – see Laos (Xieng Khoang)..

1571 - 1572 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Nu Kaeva Kumara [No Keu Koumane], King of Lan Xang (first time) – see below.

1572 - 1575 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Sumangala Ayaka Budhisana Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phragna Sen Soulinthara Lusai], King of Lan Xang (first time) – see below.

1575 - 1579 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Brhatasena Vora Varman Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Vorawongse I], King of Lan Xang, Appointed as Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Maha Uparaja by his elder brother, ca. 1547. Taken prisoner by the Burmese in 1564. Returned to Laos and raised to the throne by the Burmese after the deposition of King Sumangala Ayaka Budhisana, 1575. Forced to flee after a revolt, 1579. He d. (drowned) at the Keng Chane pass, together with his family, 1579, having had issue, two daughters (both drowned with their father).

1572 - 1575 and 1580 - 1582 Samdach Brhat-Anya Chao Sumangala Ayaka Budhisana Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phragna Sen Soulinthara Lusai] [Chao Fa Ten], King of Lan Xang. b. at Nong-Khai, Siam, 1511, as Hno Muang, son of Chan, a commoner, educ. at Luang Prabang. Governor of Pakhouei-luang under King Buddhisana. Raised to the titles of Brhat-Anya Nhote-Lukien and Brhat-Anya Sena Surindra Lujaya in 1555. A military officer who rose to the rank General under King Sri Jaya Setha Raja. Assumed the Regency for his grandson, 1571. Deposed him and ascended the throne as Samdach Brhat Chao Sumangala Ayaka Budhisana, 1572. Deposed by the Burmese in 1575 and deported to Burma, together with a large portion of the local Lao population. Raised to the throne by the Burmese, after the death of the Maha Oupahat, 1580. He d. at Vientiane, 1582, having had issue, at least two sons and one daughter:

1) Prince (Chao Fa Anga) Lo [Ong-Lo], Pha Mahanama [Ba-Nan] [Pha Maha Nam], Phya Negara, who succeeded as H.M. Samdach Brhat Chao Bandita Buddhisa Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Phothisarath II], King of Lan Xang – see below.
2) Prince (Brhat Chao Fa) Kaeva [Mom Kaeo], who succeeded as H.M. Samdach Brhat Chao Manikya Kaeva Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Mom Keo], King of Lan Xang – see below. Copyright© Christopher Buyers
1) A daughter. m. as his fourth wife, Samdach Brhat Chao Udaya Budhana Buvana Jaya Setha Raja Buvanada Adipati Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Sai Setthathirath I], King of Lan Na and Lan Xang (b. 1534; d. or disappeared in Muang Ong-Kan, 1571), eldest son of Samdach Brhat Chao Buddhisa Raja Maha Dharmikadasa Lankanakuna Maharaja Adipati Chakrapati Bhumina Narindra Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha, King of Lan Xang, by his wife, Queen Yudhi Karma Devi, daughter of King Ket Klao of Chiengmai. She had issue, one son – see above.

1582 Samdach Brhat Chao Samdach Brhat Chao Negara Nawi Raja Sri Sadhana Kanayudha [Nakorn Noi], King of Lan Xang. Appointed as Governor of Nakorn Noi and granted the title of Phragna Nakorn Noi, by Saya Sidhartharatta. Raised to the throne after the death of his father, 1582. Deposed by the people who did not accept another commoner. Sent as a prisoner to Burma. A cruel and hated ruler.

1582 - 1591 Interregnum.

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