TUNISIA

The Husainid Dynasty

GENEALOGY

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1835 - 1837 Lieutenant-General H.H. Amir al-'Umara al-Kiram, Kabir al-Kabura al-Fiham Zulkadri ve al-Ihtiram, Sahib al-'Izzi wa al-Ihtisham, al-Muhtasu bimezidi 'Inayat al-Malik al-A'la Mustafa Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Tunis. b. August 1786, younger son of H.H. 'Abu'l 'Abdu'llah Mahmud Pasha, Beylerbeyi of Tunis, by his wife, Lalla Amina, educ. privately. Invested as Heir Apparent with the title of Bey al-Mahalla, 1824. Proclaimed on the death of his elder brother, 20^th May 1835. Lt-Gen Imperial Ottoman Army 15/12/1835. Founder and Grand Master of the Order of Glory (Nishan al-Iftikhar) in 1835. Rcvd: the Order of the August Portrait (Tasvir-i Humayun Nishani), and the Order of Glory (Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar) of Turkey. m. (first) before 1806, Lalla Jannati Beya (b. at San Pietro, 1785; d. before 7^th January 1848, née Francesca Rosso di Sofia, a Sardinian Christian slave, captured from the island of San Pietro in 1798. m. (second) Lalla Khadija [Douja]. m. (third) Lalla Khadija [Khadouja], a former slave girl. m. (fourth) Lalla Aisha (b. 22^nd February 1784), née Elena Grazia Raffo, sister of Lieutenant-General H.E. (Sahib al-Maali) The Noble Don Giuseppe Maria (Raffo), 1^st Count Raffo, sometime Master of the Robes, First Secretary-Interpreter, Counsellor for Foreign Affairs, and Mbr. of the Grand Cncl., and daughter of Gian-Battista Felice Raffo, a Genoese, by his wife, Marie-Anne, née Terrasson. He d. at La Goulette, 10^th October 1837 (bur. Turbat al-Bey, the Madina, Tunis), having had issue, five sons (all born before 9^th May 1825 and alive at that date) and five daughters, including:

1) H.H. Ahmad Pasha, Bey and Amir of the Province of Tunis (s/o Lalla Jannati Beya) - see below.
2) Prince (Sidi) Muhammad al-Amin [Lamin] Bey. b. before 9^th May 1825 (s/o Lalla Khadija), educ. privately. A gifted artist and painter. Rcvd: the Nishan ad-Dam, and GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, etc. m. (first) a former slave girl. m. (second) Lalla Henani [Umm Heni] (d. before 16^th August 1890), daughter of Shaikh Muhammad Belkhodja, sometime Shaikh al-Islam. He d. 1877, having had issue, one son: Copyright©Christopher Buyers
- a) Prince (Sidi) Salah Bey. b. 1845, educ. privately. Rcvd: the Nishan ad-Dam, and GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar. m. (first) Lalla Beya. m. (second) before October 1894, after the death of his first wife, Princess (Lalla) Aziza, former wife of Si Muhammad Zarruq, and daughter of H.H. 'Abu'l Hasan 'Ali III Pasha, Bey and Possessor of the Kingdom of Tunis. He d. at La Marsa, 1^st September 1895, having had issue, a son:
  - i) Prince (Sidi) Muhammad [Hamouda] Bey. b. at La Marsa, 1^st July 1895 (s/o Lalla Aziza). Rcvd: the Nishan ad-Dam, and GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, etc. m. at Dar al-Taj Palace, La Marsa, 22^nd July 1914, Princess (Lalla) Fatima (b. at Manouba, 1891; d. April 1943, bur. Hammam-Lif), younger daughter of Prince Murad Bey. He d. 8^th November 1946 (or 5^th November 1946 - Prince Faycal Bey), having had issue, two daughters:
    - (1) Princess (Lalla) Assia [Essia]. m. Prince (Sidi) Muhammad Nasir ud-din [Naceur Eddine] Bey (b. 3^rd November 1916), eldest son of Prince Muhammad al-Munji Bey. She had issue, two sons and three daughters - see below.
    - (2) Princess (Lalla) Hadia [Hédia]. m. Prince (Sidi) Muhammad al-Adil [El Adel] Bey (b. 21^st August 1934), youngest son of Prince Muhammad al-Munji Bey. She had issue, one son and three daughters - see below.
1) Princess (Lalla) Mahbuba (d/o Lalla Jannati Beya) (the eldest daughter). m. ca. 1829, Lieutenant-General H.E. Shaikh ud-Daula wa Muqaddam al-Wuzara Sidi Mustafa Sahib al-Taba'a (b. in Georgia, ca. 1785; m. second, after the death of his first wife, Lalla Gul-fidan, a former Circassian slave, and d. 10^th May 1861, bur. Turbat al-Bey, the Madina, Tunis), sometime Tutor to Ahmad Bey, Lord Privy Seal 1835-1837, sometime Minister for War and Prime Minister, Presdt. of the Grand Cncl. 1860-1861, prom. Maj-Gen. 17/9/1839, prom. Lieut-Gen. 26/10/1846. She d. before 22^nd March 1852, having had issue, two sons (ancestor of the Sahib al-Taba'a family).
2) Princess (Lalla) Sassia (d/o Lalla Jannati Beya). m. before 4^th July 1837, Lieutenant-General H.E. (Sahib al-Ma'ali) Sidi Mustafa Bash Aga (d. at Kram al-Agha, near Tunis, 18^th February 1867), bur. Sidi 'Abdu'l Aziz Cemetery, La Marsa), a former mamluk of Georgian origin, Envoy to Algiers 1830, Istanbul 1835, and Tripoli 1836, Minister for War 1837-1859 & 1861-1862, Governor of Djerid 1859-1861, Mbr. Grand Cncl. 1860-1862, rcvd: GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar. She had issue, three sons and two daughters (ancestor of the Agha or Lagha families).
3) Princess (Lalla) Fatima [Fattouma] (d/o Lalla Khadija II). m. (first) before 4^th July 1837, Lieutenant-General Si Ramadan [Romdhane] (d. 1843), sometime Bash Mamluk, Guardian to Ahmad Bey, and cdt. of the Beylical Guard. m. (second) after the death of her first husband (div. July 1855) Lieutenant-General Si Muhammad al-Murabit al-Qariyani [Mrabet el-Ghariani] (b. ca. 1815; d. 1885), cdt. 5^th Nizami Inf. Regt. 1842, prom. Maj-Gen. 1842, GOC Muhammadiya dist. 1847-1848, and Governor of Kairouan 1848-1855, rcvd: GO of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, etc., son of Abu 'Umar 'Usman al-Murabit al-Qariyani, sometime Governor of Kairouan. She d. late 1855 (or early 1856), having had issue, three daughters by her first husband, and two sons by her second.
4) Princess (Lalla) Zubaida. m. before 14^th December 1841, Lieutenant-General H.E. Si Muhammad Rashid, sometime Lieutenant-Governor and Governor of al-A'rad, PC, and Mbr. of the Grand Cncl.
5) Princess (Lalla) Kulsum [Kalthoum] (d/o Lalla Jannati Beya). m. 1839, Lieutenant-General H.E. (Sahib ud-Daula) Sidi Mustafa Khaznadar (b. at Kardamila, Chios, Greece, 1817; d. at Tunis, 26^th July 1878, bur. Turbat al-Bey, the Madina, Tunis), né Giorgios Stravelakis, captured together with his brother Yannis in 1821 and taken to Izmir, where they were sold to an envoy of the Bey of Tunis, prom. Lieut-Gen. Beylical Army 1840, Presdt. Grand Cncl. 1862-1878, Prime Minister 1862-1873 & 1877-1878, Minister for Foreign Affairs, the Interior & Finance 1862-1873, and Presdt. Financial Cmsn. 1877-1878, rcvd: the Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman al-Murassa, GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, and the Order of the Crown of Prussia (1871), GO of the Order of the Legion of Honour of France (1846), Cdr. with star of the Order of St Olav of Norway (2.5.1865), etc., younger son of Stephanis Kalkias Stravelakis, by his wife, Irini. She d. after 1881, having had issue, four sons and one daughter:
- a) Si Muhammad Khaznadar. b. 1840. m. before 22^nd March 1871, Princess (Lalla) Zubaida (d. before 5^th April 1924), daughter of Field Marshal H.H. Muhammad Pasha, Bey and Possessor of the Kingdom of Tunis. He d. 1929, having had issue, three sons and two daughters, including:
  - i) Si Sulaiman [Slimane] Khaznadar. m. (first) Princess (Lalla) Zainab, fourth daughter of H.H. Muhammad al-Nasir [El Naceur] Pasha, Bey and Possessor of the Kingdom of Tunis, GCMG, by his second wife, Lalla Husn ul-Ujud. m. (second) Princess (Lalla) Kabira [Kabourra] (d.s.p. 1957), second daughter of Prince Muhammad al-Ma'mun Bey. He d. 1945, having had issue, two daughters.
  - i) Lalla Hassaina. m. as his second wife, Lieutenant-General H.H. Prince (Sidi) Ismail Bey, Bey al-Mahalla (b. 15^th January 1859; d. at Tunis, 10^th January 1928), third son of H.H. 'Abu'l Hasan 'Ali III Pasha, Bey and Possessor of the Kingdom of Tunis. She d. 21^st November 1922, having had issue - see below.
- b) Si Muhammad al-Munji [El-Mongi] Khaznadar. b. 1850. m. (first) Lalla Fatima (d. 1913). m. (second) 1898, Princess (Lalla) Khadija [Khadouja] (b. 1873; m. second, after 1922, Si Ahmad Gara), daughter of Prince Mustafa Bey, Bey al-Taula. He d. 1922, having had issue, two sons and one daughter, including: Copyright©Christopher Buyers
  - i) Si Mahmud Khaznadar (s/o Lalla Fatima). m. Princess (Lalla) Khadija [Khadouja] (d. before 26^th January 1906), third daughter of Prince Muhammad al-Ma'mun Bey. m. (second), after 1906, Princess (Lalla) Haluma [Hallouma] (d. 15^th June 1975) youngest daughter of Prince Muhammad al-Ma'mun Bey.
  - ii) Si Shazli [Chédly] Khaznadar. b. December 1881 (s/o Lalla Fatima). m. Princess (Lalla) Hasaina, fourth daughter of Prince Muhammad al-Ma'mun Bey. He had issue, one son and one daughter.
  - i) Lalla Kulsum. b. 1907 (d/o Princess Khadija). m. Lieutenant-General H.E. (Sahib al-Ma'ali) Sidi Salah Farhat (b. 28^th July 1884; d. 18^th March 1979), Minister for Justice 1943, rcvd: the Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman, GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, etc., son of Si Manubi Farhat, by his wife, Lalla Janaina, née Agha. She d. 8^th March 1978, having had issue, four sons, including:
    - (1) Si 'Izz ud-din Farhat. m. Princess (Lalla) Fatima [Fattouma] (b. 8^th October 1930), younger daughter of her maternal uncle, Prince Muhammad Bey, by his wife, Lalla Souad, daughter of Shaikh Hamida Bairam, sometime Shaikh ul-Islam. He had issue, one son and two daughters.
- c) Si 'Abdu'l Salim [Abdelsselem] Khaznadar. He d. 1929.
- d) Si Hasan Khaznadar. He d. 1936. Copyright©Christopher Buyers
- a) Lalla Kabira [Jeannette or Jannat] Khanum. m. 6^th June 1862, as his first wife, General H.H. Sidi Khair ud-din Pasha Tunuslu* (b. in the Caucusus, 1821; m. second, January 1857 (div. June 1862) Kulsum Khanum. m. third, 1870 (div. 1873) Badar-i-Jihan. m. fourth, 1870 (div. 1873) Husn ul-Mulk, a former slave. m. (fifth) ca. 1873, Qamar Khanum, who d. 1882. d. at Kurucheshmi, Istanbul, 29^th January 1890), son of Hasan bin 'Abdu'llah, a Circassian, joined Tunisian Cav. 1839, sometime ADC and favourite of Ahmad Pasha-Bey, sqd. cdr. 1842, prom. Maj. 25/2/1843, prom. Lieut-Col.4/8/1845, prom. Col. 28/10/1846, prom. Maj-Gen. 29/6/1850, cdr. cavalry bde. 1850-1853, Cmsnr. in Paris 1853-1857, prom. Lieut-Gen. 2/11/1855, Special Emissary to the Sultan of Turkey 1857, 1864, and 1871, Minister for Marine 1857-1862, Mbr. Grand Cncl. 1861-1864 (Vice-Presdt. 1861, Presdt. 1861-1862), PC 1864, Envoy Ext. & Min. Plen. to the Courts of Denmark, Sweden, Belgium, Prussia and France 1865, Presdt. Financial Cmsn. 1869-1877, wazir mubashir 1869-1873, Prime Minister 1873-1877, and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire 1878-1879, rcvd: the Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman al-Murassa (1874), Nishan ad-Dim, GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar (23.3.1851), the Exalted Order of Honour (Nishan-i-Ali-Imtiaz) in brilliants (23.6.1887), the Imperial Orders of the Osmans (Nishan-i-Osmanieh) 1^st class (15.11.1871, 2^nd class 1868, 3^rd class x.4.1862), and Nobility (Nishan-i-Mecidieh) special class in brilliants (14.6.1887, 1^st class x.8.1876, 2^nd class 23.9.1859), GC of the Orders of SS Maurice & Lazarus (1861) and the Crown of Italy, Dannebrog of Denmark (1861), North Star of Sweden, Leopold of Belgium, Red Eagle of Prussia, Franz Joseph of Austria, Carlos III and Isabella th e Catholic of Spain, Benedict of Aviz of Portugal, Lion of the Netherlands, and the Zahringen Lion of Baden, GO of the Order of the Legion of Honour of France (1857), etc. She d. August 1870, having had issue, one son and two daughters:
  - i) Si Muhammad Said. b. ca. 1864. He d. young.
  - i) Lalla Mahbuba. b. 1863. m. (first) at Istanbul, 1883, Lieutenant-General H.E. (Sahib al-Ma'ali) Sidi Rustam (d. at Alexandria or Istanbul, November 1886), a Circassian, educ. Bardo Military Sch., Dir. Ministry of the Interior 1860-1862, and MOFA 1862-1864, cdr. of an exped. to the west 1864-1865, Minister for the Interior 1865-1867, and for War 1870-1878, exiled 1867-1870, rcvd: the Nishan al-Ahad al-Aman al-Murassa (1874), GC of the Nishan al-Iftikhar, etc., by whom she had issue, one daughter (Fatima. b. 1885, m. Si 'Ali Zarruq). m. (second) November 1886, Si Hasan Zarruq Bey, elder son of Si Abu 'Abdu'llah Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Zarruq [Larbi Zarrouk], Adtr. for the Construction of Palace of Bardo, by whom she had issue, two sons (Mukhtar Zarruq Bey. b. 1887; 'Abdu'l Aziz Zarruq Bey. b. 1889) and one daughter (Aziza Khanum. b. 1891).
  - ii) Lalla Henani [Umm Heni]. b. 1866. m. (first) Lieutenant-General H.E. (Sahib al-Ma'ali) Sidi Husain [Hassine] (m. second, an Italian lady named Petrucci, and d. at Florence, Italy, July 1887). m. (second) 1888, Si Bakkar Zarruq Bey, younger son of Si Abu 'Abdu'llah Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Zarruq [Larbi Zarrouk], Adtr. for the Construction of Palace of Bardo. She d. 1888.
- * Khair ud-din Pasha, had further issue, by Qamar Khanum, a youngest son:
  - Major-General H.H. Damad Muhammad Salah Pasha Tunuslu. b. 1876. m. at the Dolma Bahche Palace, Istanbul, 29^th July 1907, H.I.H. Princess Munira Sultana (b. at the Dolma Bahche Palace, Istanbul, 13^th November 1880; d. at Nice, France, 7^th October 1939), only daughter of Lieutenant-General H.I.H. Prince Ahmad Kamal ud-din Effendi, 2^nd Vali Ahad, of Turkey, by his wife, Fatima Saza-Dil Khanum Effendi. He was k. at Istanbul, 24^th June 1913, having had issue, one son - see Turkey.

1837 - 1855 Field Marshal H.H. Destur-i-Mukarram Nizam al-Alam, Mudibir-i-Umur al-Kumhur bilfikir as-Sakib, Mutammim-i-Miham al-Inam birrey as-Sakib, Mumihid-i-Bunyan ud-Daulati wa al-Iqbal, Musayyid-i-Ikram as-Sa'adat wa al-Ijlal, al-Mahfufu bi-sunuffi 'avatif al-Malik al-Ala 'Abu Abbas Ahmad Pasha Idama Allahu Ti'ala Ijlalehu, Bey and Amir of the Province of Tunis. b. 2^nd December 1806, eldest son of Lieutenant-General H.H. Mustafa Pasha, Bey of Tunis, by his wife, Lalla Jannati Beya, née Francesca Rosso di Sofia, educ. privately Invested as Heir Apparent with the title of Bey al-Mahalla and the style of His Highness, 20^th May 1835. Maj-Gen. and cdr. of the Nizami Corps 1836-1837. Proclaimed on the death of his father, 10^th October 1837 (confirmed by the porte, 8^th December 1837). Installed with the rank and title of Mirmiran Pasha May 1838, and prom. to the rank of Vizier with the style of "devletlü 'inayetlü 'âtifetlü ubhetlü veli ül-himem mekârimsiyem efendim hazretleri" 14^th August 1840. Lieut-Gen. Imperial Ottoman Army x/5/1838, prom. Field Marshal (Musir-i-Mufakham) 14/8/1840. Closed the slave market in Tunis in August 1841, declared anyone born in his domains to be free in December 1842, and freed all remaining slaves in January 1846. Founded the Order of Blood Nishan ad-Dam in 1839. Instituted the National Flag of Tunisia. Sovereign and Grand Master of the Nishan al-Iftikhar. Rcvd: the Order of Glory (Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar) (24.12.1854), the Exalted Order of Honour (Nishan-i-Ali-Imtiaz) (ca. 28.2.1852), and the Imperial Order of Nobility (Nishan-i-Majidi) 1^st class (28.8.1854) of Turkey, GC of the Orders of the Legion of Honour of France in brilliants (13.10.1845), Carlos III of Spain, SS Maurice & Lazarus of Sardinia (1850), etc. m. as his only wife, Lalla Amina [Menana] Beya, daughter of Si Shalabi bin Shalabi, and a descendant of Husain bin 'Ali Pasha, Bey of Tunis. He d. at Sharfiya Palace, La Goulette, 30^th May 1855 (bur. Turbat al-Bey, the Madina, Tunis), probably having had issue, an only son who died in infancy.

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